Temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disorders encompass a range of conditions affecting the jaw joint, jaw muscles, and associated structures.
Common symptoms include jaw pain or soreness, clicking or popping sounds when opening or closing, headaches, earache, limited mouth opening, and jaw locking.
Contributing factors may include teeth grinding (bruxism), clenching, malocclusion, stress, and joint degeneration.
Treatment is generally conservative and stepwise: occlusal stabilization splints, occlusal adjustment, muscle relaxation exercises, and physical therapy are typically tried before any irreversible procedures.
CBCT imaging allows evaluation of joint bone structure; T-scan occlusal analysis measures the distribution and timing of biting forces.