When jawbone volume is insufficient for stable implant placement, bone grafting procedures augment the deficient area before or simultaneously with implant surgery.
Common techniques include guided bone regeneration (GBR), which places a membrane over a bone graft material to guide new bone growth; sinus lift (maxillary sinus floor elevation) to add bone in the upper posterior jaw; and socket preservation to maintain bone immediately after tooth extraction.
The appropriate technique is selected based on CBCT analysis of the location, extent, and pattern of bone deficiency.
After grafting, a healing period of typically 4–6 months is required before implant placement, though in some cases implant and grafting can be performed simultaneously.